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In today's technological development, infrared communication technology has been widely used in the field of communication and remote control, for example, it plays an important role in home appliances, entertainment facilities and many other aspects. Among them, microcontroller is one of the core components to realize the control and data processing of various electronic devices. In this paper, we will discuss the design of infrared communication system based on microcontroller, analyze its working principle and structure, and provide the key points of hardware circuit design.

I. Overview of the infrared communications system

Infrared communication technology is favored in the modern communication field due to its non-polluting transmission process and high information security. It is especially prominent in remote control, making electrical appliances, meters and other equipment more intelligent and convenient. As the core component of modern electronic equipment control, microcontroller provides a strong basic support for the development of infrared communication system. The main purpose of infrared communication system design is to make the system with remote control ability, can work reliably in high pressure, high toxicity, radiation and other special environments.

Second, microcontroller-based infrared communication system analysis

An infrared communication system usually consists of two parts, the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter sends digital signals, and then through coding and modulation, electro-optical conversion, the signal is finally converted into infrared light pulses and sent out. The receiving end is responsible for receiving the infrared light pulse signal, and through the photoelectric conversion, demodulation and decoding process, reduced to the original digital signal.

At the transmitting end, the digital signal is adjusted by binary coding and converted into a pulse signal for transmission. For example, if a signal is transmitted using pulse width modulation (PWM) with an infrared carrier frequency of 38 KHz, the receiving end will reduce the data accordingly based on the high and low levels of the received signal.

III. Infrared communication system structure design based on microcontroller

In order to meet the functional requirements of infrared communication, the functional structure of the designed system usually includes the following key parts: audio detection module, coding and modulation module, infrared transmitter module, infrared receiver module. Among them, the audio detection module is responsible for sampling and amplifying the audio signal, the coding and modulation module is responsible for coding and modulating the signal, and the infrared transmitter module and infrared receiver module are responsible for transmitting and receiving the signal, respectively.

Fourth, microcontroller-based infrared communication system hardware circuit design

Hardware circuit design is a key aspect of infrared communication system. In this paper, the hardware circuit design mainly covers the design of audio detection and coding modulation module, infrared transmitter module, and infrared receiver module. The specific design of these modules includes:

1. Audio detection and coding modulation module design

The design of the audio detection module is relatively simple and is mainly responsible for receiving audio signals and detecting them. In the design of this module, the signal is properly processed and amplified before it is sent to the microcontroller for further processing and transmission.

2. Infrared transmitter module design

The infrared transmitter module mainly consists of an infrared transmitter tube, which is responsible for receiving digital signals from the microcontroller and converting the electrical signals into infrared light pulse signals for transmitting through a specific coding method.

3. Infrared receiver module design

The work of the IR receiver module is to receive signals from the IR transmitter and convert them into electrical signals. After processing through the built-in decoding circuit, the raw signal is transmitted to the microcontroller for further processing.

The design and realization of these modules are the basis for the proper functioning of the microcontroller-based infrared communication system. Through the above design and implementation, the acquisition, encoding, transmitting, receiving and decoding of information such as voice signals and temperature signals can be accomplished, and ultimately the accurate signal restoration and display can be realized at the receiving end.

V. Summary

Infrared communication technology occupies an important position in the modern communication field because of its many advantages. This paper discusses the design principle, structure and various parts of hardware circuit design of the infrared communication system based on microcontroller, which provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for practical engineering applications. For the application of microcontroller in infrared communication system, and how to realize the function of infrared communication system through microcontroller provides in-depth analysis and detailed implementation steps.

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